Propolis
What it is
Propolis is a resinous substance produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera) from botanical exudates combined with bee enzymes and wax. Its composition varies by geographic origin but consistently contains flavonoids (particularly pinocembrin, galangin, and chrysin), phenolic acids (caffeic acid phenethyl ester/CAPE), terpenoids, and aromatic compounds. These constituents confer broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, potent anti-inflammatory effects, and antioxidant properties that have been utilised therapeutically for millennia.
What it helps with
- Exerting antibacterial activity against acne-associated bacteria
- Modulating inflammatory pathways to reduce lesion severity
- Providing antioxidant protection against environmental oxidative stress
- Supporting wound healing through antimicrobial and regenerative mechanisms
- Calming and soothing irritated or inflamed skin
- Nourishing the skin with bioactive compounds
Common concerns it addresses
Best for
Clinical suitability
- Appropriate for patients preferring naturally-derived antimicrobial actives
- Indicated for inflammatory acne where conventional treatments are not tolerated
- Suitable for general skin health and antioxidant support
- Beneficial for minor wound healing and skin recovery
- Safe during pregnancy — though patch testing advisable for new users
Use with caution
- Known allergy to bees, bee stings, honey, or bee products — contraindicated
- History of contact dermatitis — propolis is a recognised allergen; always patch test
- Those with pollen allergies may exhibit cross-reactivity
Not ideal for
- Individuals with confirmed hypersensitivity to bee products
- Those requiring prescription-strength acne intervention
- Patients with severe, nodular, or cystic acne — systemic treatment is appropriate
How it's commonly used
Propolis is formulated in serums, ampoules, moisturisers, and spot treatments. Concentrations vary significantly; efficacy requires products with propolis extract listed prominently in the INCI. Apply to cleansed skin morning and evening. Patch testing is mandatory for individuals with known bee, honey, or bee product allergies. Effects are typically cumulative — consistent use over 4-8 weeks is advisable before assessing efficacy.
Pairs well with
Clinic note
Propolis offers a valuable alternative for patients seeking to address inflammatory acne without conventional antibacterials or benzoyl peroxide. Its natural antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties can be particularly effective for mild to moderate presentations. We consistently emphasise the importance of patch testing given the meaningful incidence of contact allergy to bee products. For patients with confirmed tolerance, propolis-based products often deliver excellent outcomes with minimal irritation.
Ingredient-focused product examples
Clinically curated examples featuring this ingredient. These are optional references to help guide your product research.
Propolis Healing Ampoule
Concentrated formula that helps fight blemishes and calm inflammation using natural antibacterial properties.
View productSoothing Propolis Serum
Gentle serum designed to nourish sensitive skin while providing antioxidant protection.
View productThis content is provided for educational purposes and does not replace personalised medical advice. Individuals with skin conditions, those who are pregnant, or those undergoing dermatological treatments should seek professional guidance before introducing new active ingredients.
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